Bioenergy – A New Chance for Czech Agriculture and its Risks

Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Agriculture in the Face of Changing Markets, Institutions and Policies: Challenges and Strategies

Since the late 1980s, agriculture in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) has been under considerable adjustment pressure due to changing political, economic and institutional environments. These changes have been linked to the transition process, as well as the ongoing integration into the European Union and the world market. Reduced subsidies, increased environmental and food quality demands, as well as structural changes in the supply, processing and food retailing sector call for major structural adjustments and the improvement of farmersâ managerial abilities. Though such changes always carry significant threats to farms, they also offer new opportunities for the farms' entrepreneurial engagement. Upcoming changes in the agricultural environment and their possible consequences for farm structures across Europe are thus still timely subjects. The objective of the IAMO Forum 2006 is to contribute to the success of agriculture in the CEECs, as well as their neighboring countries, in todayâs increasingly competitive environment. Concrete questions the conference focuses on are: What are the most suitable farm organizations, cooperative arrangements and contractual forms? How to improve efficiency and productivity? Where do market niches lie and what are the new product demands? This book contains 33 invited and selected contributions. These papers will be presented at the IAMO Forum 2006 in order to offer a platform for scientists, practitioners and policy-makers to discuss challenges and potential strategies at the farm, value chain, rural society and policy levels in order to cope with the upcoming challenges. IAMO Forum 2006, as well as this book, would not have been possible without the engagement of many people and institutions. We thank the authors of the submitted abstracts and papers, as well as the referees, for their evaluation of the abstracts from which the papers were selected. In particular, we would like to express our thanks to OLIVER JUNGKLAUS, GABRIELE MEWES, KLAUS REINSBERG and ANGELA SCHOLZ, who significantly contributed to the organization of the Forum. Furthermore, our thanks goes to SILKE SCHARF for her work on the layout and editing support of this book, and to JIM CURTISS, JAMIE BULLOCH, and DÃNALL Ã MEARÃIN for their English proof-reading. As experience from previous years documents, the course of the IAMO Forum continues to profit from the support and engagement of the IAMO administration, which we gratefully acknowledge. Last but not least, we are very grateful to the Robert Bosch Foundation, the Federal Ministry of Nutrition, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (BMELV), the German Research Foundation (DFG), the Haniel Foundation and the Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Central and Eastern Europe (IAMO) for their respective financial support.Agribusiness, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Farm Management, Industrial Organization, International Development, Labor and Human Capital, Land Economics/Use, Productivity Analysis,

Variantni hodnoceni dopadu vstupu zemedelstvi CR do podminek Evropske unie.

Available from STL Prague, CZ / NTK - National Technical LibrarySIGLECZCzech Republi

Land use and ownership and the Czech farm development

Characteristics of the present land usage, land ownership and the land market in the Czech Republic — the distribution of the Czech Utilised Agricultural Area (UAA) among owners and users, driving barriers on the Czech Land market. A regional view on the Czech UAA from the points of view of natural conditions, agro-environmental and rural sensitivity. Definition of policy scenarios for the 2013 horizon with the respect of coupled/decoupled direct payments, LFA payments, legislation related to the land market. Possible impacts of the scenarios on the Czech land market development, land usage and land ownership. Conclusions: main policy issues related to the agricultural/rural development in the Czech Republic

Farm Transformation and Restructuring in Czech Agriculture – Ten Years After

Farm Management,

Capitalisation of government support in agricultural land prices in the Czech Republic

Diffusion du document : Unité ESR INRA 4 allée Adolphe Bobierre CS 61103 Rennes Cedex 11The recent implementation of CAP area payments (the Single Area Payments, SAP) in the New Member States of the EU raises the question of whether a quick capitalisation of these payments is expected. Evidence of capitalisation of public support to agriculture into land prices indicates that benefits are partly transferred toward landowners rather than toward the targeted population (the producers). This distributional aspect is of particular importance in countries where a large proportion of land is farmed by producers who do not own this land, such as in the Czech Republic where corporate farms and large individual farms cultivate most of the agricultural area of the country, but rent more than 90% of it from millions of private landowners.This study investigates the influence of several types of support on Czech agricultural land prices from private transactions between 1995-2001. The results show that only direct payments have been capitalised into land prices. This capitalisation occurred in spite of the payments’ low level and of an imperfectly functioning land market, suggesting that such type of support is most easily transferred to land values.If the rate of capitalisation of such payments continues or even increases in the future (the SAP are relatively high compared with what Czech farmers used to receive before accession), this might threaten the farming activity in this country, as farms are almost only tenanted. And because most of the landowners live in towns, there is a risk of an extreme leakage of support not only outside the farming sector, but also outside the rural sector

Capitalisation of government support in agricultural land prices in the Czech Republic

Diffusion du document : Unité ESR INRA 4 allée Adolphe Bobierre CS 61103 Rennes Cedex 11The recent implementation of CAP area payments (the Single Area Payments, SAP) in the New Member States of the EU raises the question of whether a quick capitalisation of these payments is expected. Evidence of capitalisation of public support to agriculture into land prices indicates that benefits are partly transferred toward landowners rather than toward the targeted population (the producers). This distributional aspect is of particular importance in countries where a large proportion of land is farmed by producers who do not own this land, such as in the Czech Republic where corporate farms and large individual farms cultivate most of the agricultural area of the country, but rent more than 90% of it from millions of private landowners.This study investigates the influence of several types of support on Czech agricultural land prices from private transactions between 1995-2001. The results show that only direct payments have been capitalised into land prices. This capitalisation occurred in spite of the payments’ low level and of an imperfectly functioning land market, suggesting that such type of support is most easily transferred to land values.If the rate of capitalisation of such payments continues or even increases in the future (the SAP are relatively high compared with what Czech farmers used to receive before accession), this might threaten the farming activity in this country, as farms are almost only tenanted. And because most of the landowners live in towns, there is a risk of an extreme leakage of support not only outside the farming sector, but also outside the rural sector